Don Bosco Degree College Golaghat

This paper attempts to explore the impact of migration on ethnic relations in Assam, a region marked by its diverse ethnic composition and history of migration. It investigates how migration, both historical and contemporary, has influenced the socioeconomic, cultural, and political dynamics between indigenous communities and migrant populations. Using a mixed-methods approach, including historical analysis, ethnographic fieldwork, and survey data, the paper examines key migration waves, such as those during the partition of India and the Bangladesh liberation war, and their effects on ethnic identity, resource competition, and social cohesion. Findings reveal that migration has significantly altered Assam’s demographic landscape, often leading to tensions over land, language, and political representation. However, it has also fostered instances of cultural exchange and coexistence. The paper highlights the role of government policies, civil society, and ethnic organizations in mediating these relations and addresses the challenges of ensuring equitable development and social harmony. The study also analyzes the role of policy frameworks and civil society initiatives in managing migration-induced challenges.

Keywords: Migration, Ethnic Relations, Assam, Indigenous Communities, Social Cohesion.